General simplification
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$$y^{4} - 3 y^{2} + 2$$
The perfect square
Let's highlight the perfect square of the square three-member
$$\left(y^{4} - 3 y^{2}\right) + 2$$
To do this, let's use the formula
$$a y^{4} + b y^{2} + c = a \left(m + y^{2}\right)^{2} + n$$
where
$$m = \frac{b}{2 a}$$
$$n = \frac{4 a c - b^{2}}{4 a}$$
In this case
$$a = 1$$
$$b = -3$$
$$c = 2$$
Then
$$m = - \frac{3}{2}$$
$$n = - \frac{1}{4}$$
So,
$$\left(y^{2} - \frac{3}{2}\right)^{2} - \frac{1}{4}$$
/ ___\ / ___\
(x + 1)*(x - 1)*\x + \/ 2 /*\x - \/ 2 /
$$\left(x - 1\right) \left(x + 1\right) \left(x + \sqrt{2}\right) \left(x - \sqrt{2}\right)$$
(((x + 1)*(x - 1))*(x + sqrt(2)))*(x - sqrt(2))
Assemble expression
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$$y^{4} - 3 y^{2} + 2$$
Combining rational expressions
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$$y^{2} \left(y^{2} - 3\right) + 2$$
Rational denominator
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$$y^{4} - 3 y^{2} + 2$$
/ 2\
(1 + y)*(-1 + y)*\-2 + y /
$$\left(y - 1\right) \left(y + 1\right) \left(y^{2} - 2\right)$$
(1 + y)*(-1 + y)*(-2 + y^2)