Mister Exam
Graphing y = x^3-x^2+x
The solution
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3 2 f(x) = x - x + x
$$f{\left(x \right)} = x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)$$
f = x + x^3 - x^2
The graph of the function
The points of intersection with the X-axis coordinate
Graph of the function intersects the axis X at f = 0
so we need to solve the equation:
$$x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right) = 0$$
Solve this equation
The points of intersection with the axis X:
Analytical solution
$$x_{1} = 0$$
Numerical solution
$$x_{1} = 0$$
so we need to solve the equation:
$$x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right) = 0$$
Solve this equation
The points of intersection with the axis X:
Analytical solution
$$x_{1} = 0$$
Numerical solution
$$x_{1} = 0$$
Extrema of the function
In order to find the extrema, we need to solve the equation
$$\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
(the derivative equals zero),
and the roots of this equation are the extrema of this function:
$$\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = $$
the first derivative
$$3 x^{2} - 2 x + 1 = 0$$
Solve this equation
Solutions are not found,
function may have no extrema
$$\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
(the derivative equals zero),
and the roots of this equation are the extrema of this function:
$$\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = $$
the first derivative
$$3 x^{2} - 2 x + 1 = 0$$
Solve this equation
Solutions are not found,
function may have no extrema
Inflection points
Let's find the inflection points, we'll need to solve the equation for this
$$\frac{d^{2}}{d x^{2}} f{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
(the second derivative equals zero),
the roots of this equation will be the inflection points for the specified function graph:
$$\frac{d^{2}}{d x^{2}} f{\left(x \right)} = $$
the second derivative
$$2 \left(3 x - 1\right) = 0$$
Solve this equation
The roots of this equation
$$x_{1} = \frac{1}{3}$$
Сonvexity and concavity intervals:
Let’s find the intervals where the function is convex or concave, for this look at the behaviour of the function at the inflection points:
Concave at the intervals
$$\left[\frac{1}{3}, \infty\right)$$
Convex at the intervals
$$\left(-\infty, \frac{1}{3}\right]$$
$$\frac{d^{2}}{d x^{2}} f{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
(the second derivative equals zero),
the roots of this equation will be the inflection points for the specified function graph:
$$\frac{d^{2}}{d x^{2}} f{\left(x \right)} = $$
the second derivative
$$2 \left(3 x - 1\right) = 0$$
Solve this equation
The roots of this equation
$$x_{1} = \frac{1}{3}$$
Сonvexity and concavity intervals:
Let’s find the intervals where the function is convex or concave, for this look at the behaviour of the function at the inflection points:
Concave at the intervals
$$\left[\frac{1}{3}, \infty\right)$$
Convex at the intervals
$$\left(-\infty, \frac{1}{3}\right]$$
Horizontal asymptotes
Let’s find horizontal asymptotes with help of the limits of this function at x->+oo and x->-oo
$$\lim_{x \to -\infty}\left(x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)\right) = -\infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
horizontal asymptote on the left doesn’t exist
$$\lim_{x \to \infty}\left(x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
horizontal asymptote on the right doesn’t exist
$$\lim_{x \to -\infty}\left(x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)\right) = -\infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
horizontal asymptote on the left doesn’t exist
$$\lim_{x \to \infty}\left(x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
horizontal asymptote on the right doesn’t exist
Inclined asymptotes
Inclined asymptote can be found by calculating the limit of x^3 - x^2 + x, divided by x at x->+oo and x ->-oo
$$\lim_{x \to -\infty}\left(\frac{x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)}{x}\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
inclined asymptote on the left doesn’t exist
$$\lim_{x \to \infty}\left(\frac{x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)}{x}\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
inclined asymptote on the right doesn’t exist
$$\lim_{x \to -\infty}\left(\frac{x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)}{x}\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
inclined asymptote on the left doesn’t exist
$$\lim_{x \to \infty}\left(\frac{x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right)}{x}\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
inclined asymptote on the right doesn’t exist
Even and odd functions
Let's check, whether the function even or odd by using relations f = f(-x) и f = -f(-x).
So, check:
$$x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right) = - x^{3} - x^{2} - x$$
- No
$$x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right) = x^{3} + x^{2} + x$$
- No
so, the function
not is
neither even, nor odd
So, check:
$$x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right) = - x^{3} - x^{2} - x$$
- No
$$x + \left(x^{3} - x^{2}\right) = x^{3} + x^{2} + x$$
- No
so, the function
not is
neither even, nor odd