Mister Exam

Graphing y = (-exp(-x)+exp(x))/x

v

The graph:

from to

Intersection points:

does show?

Piecewise:

The solution

You have entered [src]
          -x    x
       - e   + e 
f(x) = ----------
           x     
$$f{\left(x \right)} = \frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x}$$
f = (exp(x) - exp(-x))/x
The graph of the function
The domain of the function
The points at which the function is not precisely defined:
$$x_{1} = 0$$
The points of intersection with the X-axis coordinate
Graph of the function intersects the axis X at f = 0
so we need to solve the equation:
$$\frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x} = 0$$
Solve this equation
Solution is not found,
it's possible that the graph doesn't intersect the axis X
The points of intersection with the Y axis coordinate
The graph crosses Y axis when x equals 0:
substitute x = 0 to (-exp(-x) + exp(x))/x.
$$\frac{- e^{- 0} + e^{0}}{0}$$
The result:
$$f{\left(0 \right)} = \text{NaN}$$
- the solutions of the equation d'not exist
Extrema of the function
In order to find the extrema, we need to solve the equation
$$\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
(the derivative equals zero),
and the roots of this equation are the extrema of this function:
$$\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = $$
the first derivative
$$\frac{e^{x} + e^{- x}}{x} - \frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x^{2}} = 0$$
Solve this equation
Solutions are not found,
function may have no extrema
Inflection points
Let's find the inflection points, we'll need to solve the equation for this
$$\frac{d^{2}}{d x^{2}} f{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
(the second derivative equals zero),
the roots of this equation will be the inflection points for the specified function graph:
$$\frac{d^{2}}{d x^{2}} f{\left(x \right)} = $$
the second derivative
$$\frac{e^{x} - e^{- x} - \frac{2 \left(e^{x} + e^{- x}\right)}{x} + \frac{2 \left(e^{x} - e^{- x}\right)}{x^{2}}}{x} = 0$$
Solve this equation
Solutions are not found,
maybe, the function has no inflections
Vertical asymptotes
Have:
$$x_{1} = 0$$
Horizontal asymptotes
Let’s find horizontal asymptotes with help of the limits of this function at x->+oo and x->-oo
$$\lim_{x \to -\infty}\left(\frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x}\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
horizontal asymptote on the left doesn’t exist
$$\lim_{x \to \infty}\left(\frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x}\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
horizontal asymptote on the right doesn’t exist
Inclined asymptotes
Inclined asymptote can be found by calculating the limit of (-exp(-x) + exp(x))/x, divided by x at x->+oo and x ->-oo
$$\lim_{x \to -\infty}\left(\frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x^{2}}\right) = -\infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
inclined asymptote on the left doesn’t exist
$$\lim_{x \to \infty}\left(\frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x^{2}}\right) = \infty$$
Let's take the limit
so,
inclined asymptote on the right doesn’t exist
Even and odd functions
Let's check, whether the function even or odd by using relations f = f(-x) и f = -f(-x).
So, check:
$$\frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x} = - \frac{- e^{x} + e^{- x}}{x}$$
- No
$$\frac{e^{x} - e^{- x}}{x} = \frac{- e^{x} + e^{- x}}{x}$$
- No
so, the function
not is
neither even, nor odd