x^4-1=0 equation
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The solution
Detail solution
Given the equation
$$x^{4} - 1 = 0$$
Because equation degree is equal to = 4 - contains the even number 4 in the numerator, then
the equation has two real roots.
Get the root 4-th degree of the equation sides:
We get:
$$\sqrt[4]{\left(1 x + 0\right)^{4}} = 1$$
$$\sqrt[4]{\left(1 x + 0\right)^{4}} = -1$$
or
$$x = 1$$
$$x = -1$$
We get the answer: x = 1
We get the answer: x = -1
or
$$x_{1} = -1$$
$$x_{2} = 1$$
All other 2 root(s) is the complex numbers.
do replacement:
$$z = x$$
then the equation will be the:
$$z^{4} = 1$$
Any complex number can presented so:
$$z = r e^{i p}$$
substitute to the equation
$$r^{4} e^{4 i p} = 1$$
where
$$r = 1$$
- the magnitude of the complex number
Substitute r:
$$e^{4 i p} = 1$$
Using Euler’s formula, we find roots for p
$$i \sin{\left(4 p \right)} + \cos{\left(4 p \right)} = 1$$
so
$$\cos{\left(4 p \right)} = 1$$
and
$$\sin{\left(4 p \right)} = 0$$
then
$$p = \frac{\pi N}{2}$$
where N=0,1,2,3,...
Looping through the values of N and substituting p into the formula for z
Consequently, the solution will be for z:
$$z_{1} = -1$$
$$z_{2} = 1$$
$$z_{3} = - i$$
$$z_{4} = i$$
do backward replacement
$$z = x$$
$$x = z$$
The final answer:
$$x_{1} = -1$$
$$x_{2} = 1$$
$$x_{3} = - i$$
$$x_{4} = i$$
$$x_{1} = -1$$
$$x_{2} = 1$$
$$x_{3} = - i$$
$$x_{4} = i$$
Sum and product of roots
[src]
$$\left(\left(\left(-1 + 0\right) + 1\right) - i\right) + i$$
$$0$$
$$i - i 1 \left(-1\right) 1$$
$$-1$$