Given the equation
$$\sqrt{3 x + 1} = x - 1$$
$$\sqrt{3 x + 1} = x - 1$$
We raise the equation sides to 2-th degree
$$3 x + 1 = \left(x - 1\right)^{2}$$
$$3 x + 1 = x^{2} - 2 x + 1$$
Transfer the right side of the equation left part with negative sign
$$- x^{2} + 5 x = 0$$
This equation is of the form
a*x^2 + b*x + c = 0
A quadratic equation can be solved
using the discriminant.
The roots of the quadratic equation:
$$x_{1} = \frac{\sqrt{D} - b}{2 a}$$
$$x_{2} = \frac{- \sqrt{D} - b}{2 a}$$
where D = b^2 - 4*a*c - it is the discriminant.
Because
$$a = -1$$
$$b = 5$$
$$c = 0$$
, then
D = b^2 - 4 * a * c =
(5)^2 - 4 * (-1) * (0) = 25
Because D > 0, then the equation has two roots.
x1 = (-b + sqrt(D)) / (2*a)
x2 = (-b - sqrt(D)) / (2*a)
or
$$x_{1} = 0$$
$$x_{2} = 5$$
Because
$$\sqrt{3 x + 1} = x - 1$$
and
$$\sqrt{3 x + 1} \geq 0$$
then
$$x - 1 \geq 0$$
or
$$1 \leq x$$
$$x < \infty$$
The final answer:
$$x_{2} = 5$$