Given equation of the surface of 2-order:
$$4 x y - 32 x + 5 x_{2} - 56 y + 8 y_{2} + 80 = 0$$
This equation looks like:
$$a_{11} x^{2} + 2 a_{12} x y + 2 a_{13} x y_{2} + 2 a_{14} x + a_{22} y^{2} + 2 a_{23} y y_{2} + 2 a_{24} y + a_{33} y_{2}^{2} + 2 a_{34} y_{2} + a_{44} = 0$$
where
$$a_{11} = 0$$
$$a_{12} = 2$$
$$a_{13} = 0$$
$$a_{14} = -16$$
$$a_{22} = 0$$
$$a_{23} = 0$$
$$a_{24} = -28$$
$$a_{33} = 0$$
$$a_{34} = 4$$
$$a_{44} = 5 x_{2} + 80$$
The invariants of the equation when converting coordinates are determinants:
$$I_{1} = a_{11} + a_{22} + a_{33}$$
|a11 a12| |a22 a23| |a11 a13|
I2 = | | + | | + | |
|a12 a22| |a23 a33| |a13 a33|
$$I_{3} = \left|\begin{matrix}a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13}\\a_{12} & a_{22} & a_{23}\\a_{13} & a_{23} & a_{33}\end{matrix}\right|$$
$$I_{4} = \left|\begin{matrix}a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} & a_{14}\\a_{12} & a_{22} & a_{23} & a_{24}\\a_{13} & a_{23} & a_{33} & a_{34}\\a_{14} & a_{24} & a_{34} & a_{44}\end{matrix}\right|$$
$$I{\left(\lambda \right)} = \left|\begin{matrix}a_{11} - \lambda & a_{12} & a_{13}\\a_{12} & a_{22} - \lambda & a_{23}\\a_{13} & a_{23} & a_{33} - \lambda\end{matrix}\right|$$
|a11 a14| |a22 a24| |a33 a34|
K2 = | | + | | + | |
|a14 a44| |a24 a44| |a34 a44|
|a11 a12 a14| |a22 a23 a24| |a11 a13 a14|
| | | | | |
K3 = |a12 a22 a24| + |a23 a33 a34| + |a13 a33 a34|
| | | | | |
|a14 a24 a44| |a24 a34 a44| |a14 a34 a44|
substitute coefficients
$$I_{1} = 0$$
|0 2| |0 0| |0 0|
I2 = | | + | | + | |
|2 0| |0 0| |0 0|
$$I_{3} = \left|\begin{matrix}0 & 2 & 0\\2 & 0 & 0\\0 & 0 & 0\end{matrix}\right|$$
$$I_{4} = \left|\begin{matrix}0 & 2 & 0 & -16\\2 & 0 & 0 & -28\\0 & 0 & 0 & 4\\-16 & -28 & 4 & 5 x_{2} + 80\end{matrix}\right|$$
$$I{\left(\lambda \right)} = \left|\begin{matrix}- \lambda & 2 & 0\\2 & - \lambda & 0\\0 & 0 & - \lambda\end{matrix}\right|$$
| 0 -16 | | 0 -28 | |0 4 |
K2 = | | + | | + | |
|-16 80 + 5*x2| |-28 80 + 5*x2| |4 80 + 5*x2|
| 0 2 -16 | | 0 0 -28 | | 0 0 -16 |
| | | | | |
K3 = | 2 0 -28 | + | 0 0 4 | + | 0 0 4 |
| | | | | |
|-16 -28 80 + 5*x2| |-28 4 80 + 5*x2| |-16 4 80 + 5*x2|
$$I_{1} = 0$$
$$I_{2} = -4$$
$$I_{3} = 0$$
$$I_{4} = 64$$
$$I{\left(\lambda \right)} = - \lambda^{3} + 4 \lambda$$
$$K_{2} = -1056$$
$$K_{3} = 1472 - 20 x_{2}$$
Because
$$I_{3} = 0 \wedge I_{2} \neq 0 \wedge I_{4} \neq 0$$
then by type of surface:
you need to
Make the characteristic equation for the surface:
$$- I_{1} \lambda^{2} + I_{2} \lambda - I_{3} + \lambda^{3} = 0$$
or
$$\lambda^{3} - 4 \lambda = 0$$
$$\lambda_{1} = -2$$
$$\lambda_{2} = 2$$
$$\lambda_{3} = 0$$
then the canonical form of the equation will be
$$\tilde y2 \cdot 2 \sqrt{\frac{\left(-1\right) I_{4}}{I_{2}}} + \left(\tilde x^{2} \lambda_{1} + \tilde y^{2} \lambda_{2}\right) = 0$$
and
$$- \tilde y2 \cdot 2 \sqrt{\frac{\left(-1\right) I_{4}}{I_{2}}} + \left(\tilde x^{2} \lambda_{1} + \tilde y^{2} \lambda_{2}\right) = 0$$
$$- 2 \tilde x^{2} + 2 \tilde y^{2} + 8 \tilde y2 = 0$$
and
$$- 2 \tilde x^{2} + 2 \tilde y^{2} - 8 \tilde y2 = 0$$
$$- 2 \tilde y2 + \left(\frac{\tilde x^{2}}{2} - \frac{\tilde y^{2}}{2}\right) = 0$$
and
$$2 \tilde y2 + \left(\frac{\tilde x^{2}}{2} - \frac{\tilde y^{2}}{2}\right) = 0$$
this equation is fora type hyperbolic paraboloid
- reduced to canonical form